Funding for open access articles

In order to support authors who choose to make their research articles immediately available upon publication, we have compiled a list of research funders and institutions worldwide that fund open access article-processing charges (APCs).

Funding sources are listed by country, and links to each organization’s open access (OA) funding and policy pages have been included where available. Please note that this page currently only shows open access policies for funders or institutions that make open access funding available.

The information on this page is updated regularly, and reflects APC funding sources to the best of our knowledge. To suggest updates or additions to this list, please contact us at OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com.

OA funding types

The open access funding type of each organization in the list below has been indicated by one or more of the following annotations:

APC funding may be included in the initial research grant application budget
Grantees may use remaining research funds for APCs
Offers a dedicated open access fund
Institution distributes block grant from one or more major funding bodies, such as RCUK, COAF, or DFG

OA agreements with institutions

In addition to these funding sources, over 500 institutions are part of Springer Nature’s membership program for journals in the Biomed Central and SpringerOpen portfolios. Member institutions actively support open access by arranging fully-prepaid or discounted APCs for their affiliated researchers. To check if your institution is a member, please visit our membership pages for BMC and SpringerOpen.

For our Springer Open Choice hybrid journals, Springer Nature has agreements with institutions that cover the open access fee for their affiliated researchers. Corresponding authors can publish their articles open access in over 1,800 journals at no cost.

Updates or additions

The information on this page is updated regularly, and reflects APC funding sources to the best of our knowledge. To suggest updates or additions to this list, please contact us.

OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com

Funders and institutions A-Z index

Australia

Funders

Australian Research Council¹	Open Access policy Funding information
National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC²	Open Access policy Funding information

Institutions

Bond University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Queensland University of Technology, QUT³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Wollongong³	Open Access policy Funding information

Belgium

Funders

Fund for Scientific Research, FNRS (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique)²

Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS²	Open Access policy Funding information
National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC¹	Open Access policy

Aarhus University, AU ( Aarhus Universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Southern Denmark, SDU (Syddansk Universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung)	Open Access policy Funding information
German Research Foundation, DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Helmholtz Association (Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft )³	Open Access policy Funding information
Leibniz Consortium (Leibniz Gemeinschaft)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Volkswagen Foundation (Volkswagen Stiftung )^1,3	Open Access policy Funding information

Academy for Spatial Research and Planning - Leibniz Forum for Spatial Sciences, Hannover, ARL (Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung - Leibniz-Forum für Raumwissenschaften, Hannover)⁴	Open Access policy
Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Bielefeld University (Universität Bielefeld)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Braunschweig University of Technology (Technische Universität Braunschweig)⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Chemnitz University of Technology (Technische Universität Chemnitz)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Clausthal University of Technology (Technische Universität Clausthal)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Dortmund University of Technology (Technische Universität Dortmund)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Dresden University of Technology, TUD (Technische Universität Dresden)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL³	Open Access policy Funding information
Free University of Berlin, FU (Freie Universitat Berlin)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, FAU^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Hamburg-Harburg University of Technology, TUHH (Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Heidelberg University ( Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, HHU (Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Humboldt University of Berlin (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Ilmenau University of Technology (Technische Universität Ilmenau)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Justus Liebig University Giessen (Justus Liebig Universität Gießen)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Kaiserslautern University of Technology (Technische Universität Kaiserslautern)^3,4	Open Access Policy Funding information
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT (Karlsruher Institut für Technologie)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Leibniz Institute of Wildlife and Zoo Research⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Leibniz University of Hannover ( Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover)⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Leipzig University (Universität Leipzig)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Munich University of Technology, TUM (Technische Universität München)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Ruhr University Bochum, RUB (Ruhr-Universität Bochum,)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Kassel (Universität Kassel)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bamberg (Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bayreuth, UBT (Universität Bayreuth)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bremen (Universität Bremen)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Duisburg-Essen, UDE (Universität Duisburg-Essen)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Goettingen, GAU (Georg-August-Universität Gottingen)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Konstanz (Universität Konstanz)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Marburg (Philipps-Universität Marburg)	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Münster, WWU (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Munster)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Passau (Universität Passau)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Potsdam (Universität Potsdam)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Regensburg (Universität Regensburg)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Rostock (Universität Rostock)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Siegen (Universität Siegen)^3,4	Open Access Policy Funding Information
University of Stuttgart (Universität Stuttgart)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Tuebingen (Universität Tubingen)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Ulm (Universität Ulm)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Würzburg (Julius Maximilians Universität Wurzburg)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Witten/Herdecke University, UW/H (Universität Witten/Herdecke)^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS²	Open Access policy Funding information
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology, Japan, MEXT³	Open Access policy Funding information

Dutch Cancer Society, KWF (KWF Kankerbestrijding)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research¹	Open Access policy Funding information

Delft University of Technology (Technische Universiteit Delft)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Twente (Universiteit Twente)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Utrecht University, UU (Universiteit Utrecht)³	Open Access policy Funding information

BI Norwegian Business School (BI Handelshøyskolen)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Nord University (Previously University of Nordland), NU (Previously UIN) (Nord Universitet (Previously Universitet i Nordland))³	Open Access policy Funding information
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU (Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU (Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Østfold University College³	Open Access policy Funding information
Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, HiOA (Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Sogn og Fjordane University College, HiSF (Høgskulen i Sogn og Fjordane)³	Funding information
University College of Southeast Norway (Porsgrunn Campus) Formerly Telemark University College, HSN (Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (Formerly Høgskolen i Telemark))³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Agder (Universitetet i Agder)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bergen, UiB (Universitetet i Bergen)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Tromsø / Arctic University of Norway, UiT (Universitetet i Tromsø / Norges arktiske universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Volda University College, HVO (Høgskulen i Volda)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (Høgskulen på Vestlandet)³	Funding information

Stellenbosch University, SU (Universiteit van Stellenbosch)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Cape Town, UCT³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Pretoria³	Open Access policy Funding information

Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjöstiftelsen)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse)^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Swedish Council for health, labor and welfare, FORTE (Forskningsrådet för hälsa, arbetsliv och välfärd)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, SEPA (Naturvårdsverket)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Science / Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, RJ (Riksbankens Jubileumsfond)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Swedish Research Council, VR (Vetenskapsrådet)^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, FORMAS (Forskningsrådet för miljö, areella näringar och samhällsbyggande)¹	Open Access policy Funding information

Karlstad University, KAU (Karlstads Universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Linköping University (Linköpings Universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Luleå University of Technology (Luleå tekniska Universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Lund University (Lunds universitet)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Södertörn University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Stockholm University	Open Access policy Funding information

Action on Hearing Loss²	Open Access policy Funding information
Arthritis Research UK^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Bloodwise (formerly Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research)^2,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Breast Cancer Now²	Open Access policy Funding information
British Heart Foundation, BHF^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Cancer Research UK^2,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Chief Scientist Office, CSO³	Open Access policy Funding information
Children with Cancer UK³	Open Access policy Funding information
Children's Investment Fund Foundation, CIFF^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Cystic Fibrosis Trust¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Department for International Development, DFID¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Department of Health, including National Institute for Health Research, NHS / NIHR^1,3	Open Access policy Funding information
Dunhill Medical Trust, DMT³	Open Access policy Funding information
Leverhulme Trust^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Marie Curie Cancer Care^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Motor Neurone Disease Association, MNDA³	Open Access policy Funding information
Myrovlytis Trust³	Open Access policy Funding information
National Heritage Science Forum, NHSF³	Open Access policy Funding information
Parkinson’s UK^2,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Prostate Cancer UK¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Stroke Association¹	Open Access policy Funding information
The Academy of Medical Sciences, AMS^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
UK Research and Innovation, including AHRC, BBSRC, ESRC, EPSRC, Innovate UK, MRC, NERC, Research England, STFC⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Wellcome Trust, WT³	Open Access policy Funding information
Worldwide Cancer Research³	Open Access policy Funding information

Aberystwyth University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Anglia Ruskin University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Aston University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Babraham Institute⁴	Open Access policy
Bangor University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Birkbeck College, University of London⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Bournemouth University, BU^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Brunel University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Cardiff University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
City University London⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Cranfield University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
De Montfort University, DMU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Durham University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute, EBI⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Glasgow Caledonian University, GCU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Heriot-Watt University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Imperial College London^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute for Fiscal Studies, IFS⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute of Cancer Research, University of London, ICR⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, IDS⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute of Education, University of London, IOE⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute of Food Research, IFR⁴	Open Access policy
Keele University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
King’s College London, KCL⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Kingston University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Lancaster University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Leeds Beckett University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Liverpool John Moores University, LJMU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
London Metropolitan University, LMU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
London School of Economics & Political Science, LSE^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, LSHTM⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Loughborough University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Manchester Metropolitan University, MMU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Middlesex University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
MRC Centre Cambridge⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
MRC Toxicology Unit⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
National Institute of Agricultural Botany, NIAB⁴
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, NOC⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Natural History Museum, NHM⁴
NERC British Antarctic Survey, NERC BAS⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
NERC British Geological Survey, NERC BGS⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, NERC CEH⁴	Funding information
Newcastle University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Northumbria University^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
Nottingham Trent University, NTU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Open University, OU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Oxford Brookes University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Pirbright Institute⁴
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, PML⁴
Plymouth University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Queen Mary University of London, QMUL⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Queen’s University Belfast, QUB⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Rothamsted Research⁴
Royal Holloway, University of London⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, RVC⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
School of Oriental & African Studies, University of London, SOASO⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Scottish Association for Marine Science, SAMS⁴
Sheffield Hallam University, SHU⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
St. George’s University of London, SGUL⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Swansea University⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Teesside University⁴	Funding information
The Francis Crick Institute³	Open Access policy Funding information
UCL School of Pharmacy⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University College London, UCL^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Aberdeen⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bath⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Birmingham⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bradford⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Brighton⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Bristol⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Cambridge⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Central Lancashire, UCLan⁴	Open Access policy
University of Dundee^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of East Anglia, UEA⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of East London, UEL⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Edinburgh^3,4	Funding information
University of Essex⁴	Funding information
University of Exeter⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Glasgow⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Hertfordshire^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Huddersfield^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Hull⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Kent^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Leeds⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Leicester⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Lincoln⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Liverpool^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of London, School of Advanced Studies, SAS^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Manchester, UoM⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Northampton³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Nottingham^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Oxford⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Portsmouth^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Reading⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Salford³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Sheffield⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Southampton⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of St. Andrews^3,4	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Stirling³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Strathclyde⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Surrey⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Sussex⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of West of England, UWE⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Ulster⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Warwick⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Westminster⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Winchester⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
University of York⁴	Open Access policy Funding information
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute⁴	Open Access policy Funding information

Austrian Partnership Programme in Higher Education & Research for Development (Austrian Development Cooperation), APPEAR^1,3	Open Access policy Funding information
Austrian Science Fund, FWF (Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung³	Open Access policy Funding information
Commission for Development Research at the OeAD-GmbH, KEF^1,3	Open Access policy Funding information

Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna (Akademie der bildenden Künste Wien)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Institute of Science and Technology Austria³	Open Access policy Funding information
International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis, IIASA³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Graz (Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Innsbruck (Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Salzburg (Paris Lodron Universität Salzburg)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Vienna (Universität Wien)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Vienna University of Technology , TUW (Technische Universität Wien)³	Open Access policy Funding information

Canadian Cancer Society, CCS^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Canadian Foundation for Healthcare Improvement, CFHI^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CIHR^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Genome Canada¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, FMC / HSF (Fondation des maladies du cœur du Canada)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
International Development Research Centre, IDRC^1,3	Open Access policy Funding information
Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MSFHR^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Prostate Cancer Canada, PCC¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, SSHRC^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information

Brock University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Carleton University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Concordia University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Memorial University of Newfoundland, MUN³	Open Access policy Funding information
Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, OICR³
Simon Fraser University, SFU³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of British Columbia³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Calgary³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Northern British Columbia, UNBC³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Ottawa	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Saskatchewan³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Western Ontario, UWO³	Open Access policy Funding information
York University³	Open Access policy Funding information

Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Tekes – the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation¹	Open Access policy Funding information

Hungarian Academy of Sciences, MTA (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia )²	Open Access policy Funding information
Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, OTKA (Országos Tudományos Kutatási Alapprogramok)^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information

Human Frontier Science Program, HFSP²	Open Access policy Funding information
World Cancer Research Fund^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
World Health Organisation , WHO¹	Open Access policy Funding information

Funding for open access articles

OA funding types

OA agreements with institutions

Updates or additions

Funders and institutions A-Z index

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Funders

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Funders

Institutions

Further resources

Stay up to date

About us

Cariplo Foundation (Fondazione Cariplo)^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Telethon Foundation (Fondazione Telethon)³	Open Access policy Funding information

European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN(Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire)³	Open Access policy Funding information
Swiss National Science Foundation, SNSF / SNF / FNS (Schweizerische Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung / Fonds national suisse de la recherche scientifique)^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of St. Gallen (Universität St. Gallen)³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Zurich, UZH (Universität Zürich)³	Open Access policy Funding information

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation³	Open Access policy Funding information
BrightFocus Foundation, BrightFocus Foundation¹	Open Access policy Funding information
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
James S. Mcdonnell Foundation, JSMF^1,2
Marine Aquarium Societies of North America, MASNA (The Dr. Junda Lin Memorial Fund for Publishing Open Access Marine Aquarium Research)³	Funding information
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA¹	Open Access policy Funding information
National Institutes of Health (NIH) - NCI; NEI; NHLBI; NHGRI; NIA; NIAAA; NIAID; NIAMS; NIBIB; NICHD; NIDCD; NIDCR; NIDDK; NIDA; NIEHS; NIGMS; NIMH; NIMHD; NINDS; NINR; NLM; CIT; CSR; FIC; NCCAM; NCATS; CC., NIH^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
National Science Foundation, NSF^1,2	Open Access policy Funding information
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, PCORI³	Open Access policy Funding information

Allegheny College³	Open Access policy Funding information
American University³	Funding information
Brandeis University³	Open Access policy Funding information
California State University, Fullerton, CSUF³	Open Access policy Funding information
Carnegie Mellon University, CMU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Clemson University³	Funding information
Colorado State University, CSU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Dartmouth College³	Open Access policy Funding information
Duke University³	Open Access policy Funding information
East Carolina University, ECU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Emory University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Furman University³	Funding information
George Mason University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Grand Valley State University, GVSU³	Funding information
Harvard University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Indiana University Bloomington, IU Bloomington³	Open Access policy Funding information
Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, IUPUI³	Open Access policy Funding information
John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY³	Funding information
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT³	Open Access policy Funding information
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, MSKCC³	Open Access policy Funding information
Montana State University, MSU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Northwestern University, NU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Portland State University, PSU³	Funding information
Purdue University³	Funding information
Samuel Merritt University, SMU³	Funding information
Temple University³	Funding information
Texas A&M University³	Funding information
Tufts University, Medford³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Arizona, UA³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of California, Berkeley³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of California, Davis³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of California, San Francisco, UCSF³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Colorado, Boulder, UCB³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Connecticut	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Dayton, Ohio, UD³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Florida, UF³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Illinois at Chicago, UIC³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Iowa, UI³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Kansas, KU³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Nebraska Omaha, UNO³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Nevada, Las Vegas	Open Access policy Funding information
University of North Carolina, Charlotte³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of North Carolina, Greensboro, UNCG³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Northern Colorado, UNC³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Oklahoma, UO³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Rhode Island, URI³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, UTK³	Open Access policy Funding information
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee³	Funding information
Utah State University, USU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Villanova University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University³	Open Access policy Funding information
Wake Forest University, WFU³	Open Access policy Funding information
Wayne State University, WSU³	Funding information
West Virginia University, WVU³	Open Access policy Funding information